Compliance & Safety

Food Temperature Log Template

Three temperature log sheets in one: walk-in and reach-in checks, cooking and hot-holding temps, and the two-stage cooling clock. Every limit comes from the FDA Food Code 2022, and a bad reading turns red the moment you type it. Print it for the clipboard next to your cleaning checklist.

What Is a Food Temperature Log?

A food temperature log is the written record that proves your kitchen kept TCS food out of the danger zone: cooler and freezer air temps, internal cooking temps, hot-holding checks, and the two-stage cooling clock. The FDA Food Code does not require a specific form, but it does require the results, and every health inspector in the country asks to see them. This template covers all three sheets most operators keep, with the limits built in so a bad reading flags itself. It pairs with the cleaning checklist in the same inspection binder.

How to Use This Template

Step 1: Rename the units to match your line

Walk-in, reach-ins by station, freezers, hot wells, cold rails. Pick the type and the limit sets itself.

Step 2: Log at open, mid-shift, and close

Type the reading, add initials. Anything over 41°F or under 135°F turns red and counts on the summary bar.

Step 3: Use the cooking and cooling tabs during service

Pick the food category and the target fills in from the Food Code. Enter a cooling start time and the 2-hour and 6-hour deadlines show as placeholders.

Step 4: Print blank sheets for the clipboard

Print outputs the open tab with initials and a manager verify line. Copy pastes a text version into your ops chat or a spreadsheet.

Food Safety Temperature Chart

Every number the log checks against, with the section of the FDA Food Code 2022 it comes from. Most states adopt the Code as written; a few still run the 2017 edition, which uses the same numbers for everything on this chart. Print it and tape it next to the probe thermometer.

Food or stepTempHold / time limit
Poultry (whole or ground), stuffed meats and pasta, stuffing, wild game165°F< 1 sec (instant)
Any raw animal food cooked in a microwave165°FStand covered 2 min
Ground beef, pork, fish; injected or mechanically tenderized meat; ratites; eggs held for later155°F17 sec
Whole cuts of beef, pork, lamb; fish; shell eggs for immediate service; farmed game145°F15 sec
Whole beef or pork roast (alternate time/temp pairs allowed, e.g. 130°F for 112 min)145°F4 min
Fruits, vegetables, grains cooked for hot holding135°FNone
Reheating cooked-and-cooled food for hot holding165°F15 sec, reach it within 2 hrs
Reheating sealed, commercially processed ready-to-eat food135°FNone
Hot holding (roasts may be held at 130°F)≥ 135°FContinuous
Cold holding, all TCS food≤ 41°FContinuous
Untreated shell eggs, ambient air of the unit≤ 45°FContinuous
Cooling stage 1: 135°F down to 70°F70°FWithin 2 hrs
Cooling stage 2: 70°F down to 41°F41°FWithin 6 hrs total
Frozen storage (no Code number; industry standard)0°FFood stays frozen

Source: FDA Food Code 2022, Chapter 3 and Annex 7 Chart 4-A. Temperatures are internal food temperatures unless the row says ambient.

The Danger Zone: 41°F to 135°F

41°135°41°DANGER ZONE165°Cook / hold hotHold cold

The Food Code defines time/temperature control for safety (TCS) food as anything that supports rapid bacterial growth: cooked meat, dairy, cut melon, cooked rice, sprouts, cut tomatoes, garlic in oil. Between 41°F and 135°F those bacteria double roughly every 20 minutes at the warm end of the band.

That is why the log has three limits and not one. Cold units hold at or below 41°F (§3-501.16(A)(2)). Hot wells hold at or above 135°F (§3-501.16(A)(1)). Anything passing through the middle, which is every batch you cool, has a clock on it.

“Four hours in the zone is the discard line. Under §3-501.19, food held without temperature control gets a written time mark and goes in the trash at 4 hours (6 hours if it started at or below 41°F and never passes 70°F). If nobody wrote the time down, it is already too late.”

The Two-Stage Cooling Rule

§3-501.14 of the Food Code sets two clocks that both start when the food drops to 135°F: reach 70°F within 2 hours, and reach 41°F within 6 hours total. If you hit 70°F in 90 minutes, you have 4.5 hours left, not 4. Cooling is item 20 on the FDA model inspection form and it is the temperature violation inspectors write up most, because a covered stockpot in the walk-in fails it every time.

Missed 70°F at 2 hours

Reheat to 165°F, change the method, restart the clock. Log both the miss and the fix. This is legal once; it is not a routine.

Missed 41°F at 6 hours

Discard. No reheating exception applies. Write the discard and the weight in the log so the food cost variance on your recipe costing has an explanation.

Cooling methods that pass (§3-501.15)

  • Portion into shallow hotel pans, 2 inches deep or less, uncovered until 41°F
  • Ice paddle or ice bath with the pot stirred every 15 minutes
  • Blast chiller if you have one; it is the only method that reliably beats 2 hours on a 5-gallon batch
  • Add ice as an ingredient (stocks and soups) and cook the recipe short on water
  • Never cool in the walk-in in a covered, full stockpot. That is the batch inspectors find at 50°F the next morning

How Often to Log, and What Inspectors Ask For

The Code says temperatures must be checked at a frequency that keeps food in compliance; it does not name a number for restaurants. The working standard most county health departments accept is cold and hot units at open, mid-shift, and close (roughly every 4 hours of operation), every cooked batch of raw animal food, and every cooling batch at the 2-hour and 6-hour marks. Receiving temps go on the invoice. Put the schedule in your SOPs and cover it in line cook and dishwasher onboarding, since the closer is often whoever is still there.

Inspector asksWhat satisfies them
Show me today's tempsReal numbers with times and initials. A column of 38, 38, 38, 38 for a month reads as pencil-whipped.
What did you do about this 46°F?The corrective-action column is the answer. Moved product, called service, discarded, retrained.
How do you know the thermometer is right?Show a calibration log entry from this week and do the ice-point test on the spot.
What was cooling last night?Cooling log with start time and both checks. Inspectors probe whatever is in the walk-in at 10 a.m.

Calibrating Thermometers: The Ice-Point Method

§4-203.11 requires food thermometers accurate to ±2°F (±1°C), and §4-502.11(B) requires them calibrated as often as needed to stay there. Weekly is the common schedule, plus any time a probe is dropped. Item 36 on the inspection form is “thermometers provided and accurate,” and the inspector will hand you a cup of ice.

  1. 1Fill a cup with crushed ice, top with cold water, stir, and wait 30 seconds for a slush
  2. 2Insert the probe at least 2 inches deep without touching the sides or bottom
  3. 3Wait for the reading to stop moving (about 30 seconds). It should read 32°F
  4. 4Dial thermometer: hold the nut under the head with a wrench and turn the face to 32°F. Digital: press the reset or calibrate button per the manual
  5. 5Retest. If it still will not hold 32°F ±2°F, pull it from service. Log the date, the reading, and your initials

This is a standard question on the ServSafe manager exam. The boiling-point method (212°F at sea level) also works but drifts about 1°F per 500 feet of elevation, so ice is the safer reference.

How Long to Keep Temperature Logs

The FDA Food Code sets no retention period for restaurant temperature logs; your state or county code does, and it varies. Local rules commonly land between 30 and 90 days, and some jurisdictions expect a year. Federal HACCP rules that apply to processors are stricter: 1 year for refrigerated seafood products under 21 CFR 123.9, 2 years under the FSMA preventive-controls rule at 21 CFR 117.315.

The safe default: keep the last 90 days in the binder and archive 12 months. A foodborne illness claim can surface months after service, and a dated log with initials is the first thing your liability carrier will ask for. Confirm the number with your local health department before you shred anything.

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